London's Waterloo & City Line

The Waterloo & City line is the shortest line on the London Underground, running only 2.37km entirely between Waterloo and Bank Stations enabling commuters from South West London to get into the City quickly. It is nicknamed "The Drain".

Monument

London's Monument is a monument to the Great Fire of London in 1666. 

It was designed by Sir Christopher Wren.

It is next to London's Monument underground station, which is on the underground's Circle and District lines (yellow and green lines respectvely). It is connected (walking distance) to Bank station which is on the Northern Line, as well as Central, DLR and Waterloo & City lines.

It is near Pudding Lane, which is one of the world's first one-way streets. An order mandating one-way cart traffic was issued in 1617.

Praia

Praia in Portuguese means beach, or more precisely, a sandy or pebbly shore along a body of water. The term is feminine in Portuguese. In Brazil, it also refers to beach culture. Example use: "praia de Copacabana", "Vamos a praia".

Aadesh

Aadesh means "command", "order" or "message" in Sanskrit.

Portuguese Africa

There are six Portuguese-speaking countries in Africa - Angola, Mozambique, Cape Verde, Guinea-Bissau, Sao Tome and Principe and Equatorial Guinea.

Equatorial Guinea was primarily a Spanish colony (known as Spanish Guinea) but adopted Portuguese as an official language in 2010 to join the Community of Portuguese Language Countries (CPLP) in 2014.

Cascading Place Names - The Story of St Albans

St Albans (the town where rapper LL Cool J grew up) in the New York City borough of Queens is named after St Albans in Hertfordshire, UK, which is in turn named after St Alban.

St Alban (Latin: Albanus) is the first-recorded British Christian martyr.

Jevon's Paradox

Jevon's Paradox occurs when improvements in resource efficiency lead to an increase, rather than a decrease, in total consumption of a resource.

It is based on an observation detailed in 1865 by William Stanley Jevons observing that as steam engines became more efficient, consumption of coal increased rather than decreased. LED light bulbs are a modern example.