The Legendary Bosphorus

The Bosphorus forms part of the boundary between Europe and Asia and runs through the City of Istanbul. (Geographically speaking, it is a strait - a narrow, navigable waterway connecting two large bodies of water). It is part of the sovereign sea territory of Turkey and forms part of the Turkish Straits. Greek mythology is filled with references to the Straits. The Symplegades, or "Clashing Rocks" were meant to be rocks that crashed randomly together in the Bosphorus, defeated by Jason and the Argonauts. The Argonauts got their name from being sailors on the Argo, the ship whose name translated means "swift". The ship in turn got its name from its builder, Argus.

Photon Scattering

When photons are scattered from an atom or molecule (pit stop - what do mean by scattering - informally, the collision of a wave with a material object results in "scattering" of the wave) most photons are scattered such that they retain their "energy" (frequency and wavelength) which is known as Rayleigh or elastic scattering.  Raman scattering is inelastic scattering (whereby the photon is re-emitted from the medium with lower energy). It is the science behind the technique known as Raman spectroscopy and enabled Raman to win the 1930 Nobel Prize for Physics.